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航运与环境: A Guide to 环境al Compliance
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From alternative fuels and propulsion systems, 通过节能措施, 向数字化和高效物流发展, many possibilities are emerging to make 航运业 a greener industry. 航运与环境 为航运公司和海员提供了一个全面的切入点，了解旨在减少航运环境足迹的广泛监管和运营考虑因素, 包括:
- Key environmental topics related to shipping;
- 管理它们的规则和制度;
- How environmental issues are managed at sea and ashore;
- How improvements can be delivered at sea and ashore; and
- 未来的发展.
本指南将帮助船员了解航运与环境之间的关系, 以及每个参与航运的人在日常运营中尊重环境的重要性. 管理者将从当前和即将到来的全球监管框架的全面概述中受益, including the most recent updates to MARPOL Annex VI, the introduction of the EU Emissions Trading System, and national regulations that affect global shipping. 包括检查清单，以帮助航运公司确保安全管理系统符合当前的环境要求, and that all ships are operating in line with environmental regulations.
This fifth edition builds on the success of the previous edition, 航运与环境: A Code of Practice, Fourth 版这本书已经卖出了1万多本.
额外的信息
| 作者 | 大发黄金版网页版登录 |
| 出版商 | 大发黄金版网页版登录 Publications |
| 版 | 第五版 |
| 月出版 | 2024年4月 |
| 国际标准图书编号 | 978-1-913997-56-4 |
| 装船重量 | 1.000Kg |
资源
内容
1介绍 1.运输的作用和方式 1.2设计与搭建 2 Controlling and mitigating the risk of marine pollution 2.1什么是海洋污染? 2.2 .海洋污染的来源和影响 2.3 Who regulates the environmental protection laws? 2.4 Categorising marine pollution and the associated laws 3 Shipping company and shipboard best practices 3.1 环境al, social and governance (ESG) statement 3.培训、意识和能力 3.3 环境al standards relevant to ISM compliance 3.4 Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plans 3.5船上文件 3.6技术设备 3.7油水分离器 3.8控制设备 3.9数字化选项 3.10压载水管理 3.11船体生物污染 3.12水下噪声 3.13一次性塑料 3.14 Internal monitoring and reporting of environmental compliance 3.15环境合规审计 3.16 External reporting of environmental non-compliance 3.17商业元素 3.18航运融资 3.19个保险 3.20新增工具和指标 4未来发展 4.1 Alternative fuels and propulsion methods 4.2绿色走廊 4.3灰水 4.4炭黑 4.5生物淤积 4.6造船 4.7 Ship technology, design and construction 4.8 .海上碳捕获 4.9数字化转型 附录 |
前言
世界比以往任何时候都更加紧密地联系在一起，航运业在连接各国方面发挥着重要作用. 每年约有110亿吨货物通过船舶运输，占世界贸易的90%以上，这有助于住房的建设, 移动和喂养种群. Shipping is the least environmentally damaging form of commercial transport, with the lowest environmental footprint in the transport segment on a per-tonne basis. The environmental footprint of shipping encompasses a range of critical issues, 从温室气体排放和空气污染到确保环境无害的船舶回收. 国际社会需要共同努力，应对气候变化，保护地球脆弱的生态系统, 航运业继续通过进一步减少其环境足迹来发挥其作用是至关重要的. 不过, 航运业, 和所有行业一样, 有没有雄心勃勃的目标来减少任何对环境的负面影响，以配合全球为我们的星球建立绿色和可持续的未来的努力. As the global body with regulatory oversight, 近60年来，国际海事组织(IMO)一直致力于减少航运业对环境的影响, and it continues to assess and reduce the industry’s environmental footprint. In 2008, the 大发黄金版网页版登录 published 航运与环境: A Code of Practice, Fourth 版, 该报告全面概述了航运公司根据国际法规的要求所承担的环境义务，并提出了一套航运公司应遵循的明确环境标准. 自2008年以来, the volume of environmental regulations – both global and national – has rapidly grown, 新版《大发黄金版网页版登录》提供了一份内容广泛、内容全面的指南，以帮助航运公司保持环保合规. 第五版解释说:
本指南使船员和岸上工作人员了解航运和环境之间的关系, 以及每个参与航运的人在日常运营中尊重环境的重要性. From alternative fuels and propulsion systems, 通过节能措施, 向数字化和高效物流发展, many possibilities are emerging to make 航运业 a greener industry. 在这个行业工作的每个人都需要了解监管框架以及这些环境法规的重要性和应用. 本ICSPublications还探讨了负责制定和执行法规的机构和组织, explaining the roles of international bodies, national authorities and industry stakeholders. 通过国际海事组织，航运业对负责任的做法作出了基本承诺. 作为政策制定者, 行业领导和团队, we must all take collective responsibility for the choices we make, the regulations we enact and the legacy we leave behind. This fifth edition incorporates and supersedes the ICS publication 航运与环境: A Code of Practice, Fourth 版. |
介绍
1介绍 航运业长期以来一直意识到其对环境的影响，并试图通过法规和行业最佳实践来降低对环境的风险. 第一个航运环境法规侧重于减少海上石油污染的风险, 但这些年来，法规已经扩展到其他形式的环境保护, for example reducing emissions to air and controlling garbage from shipping. 超过90%的世界贸易是通过海运进行的, and shipping is the most environmentally friendly mode of transporting goods globally. 船舶对全球贸易至关重要，以安全、经济和高效的方式运输货物和人员. 该行业每年跨越海洋、河流和海洋运输约110亿吨货物. 没有航运, 国际贸易，如原材料的大宗运输和负担得起的食品和制成品的进出口，将根本不可能实现. International environmental shipping standards are constantly improving. Ships interact with the marine environment, and so the industry’s impacts need to be explored, understood and managed to prevent pollution and harm to the environment. 随着全球供应链的兴起，人们开始担心其对环境的影响. Shipping is the least environmentally damaging form of commercial transport and, 与陆基工业相比, is a comparatively minor contributor to pollution from human activities. 航运业正在不断适应，以确保海洋作为行业运作和为社会提供服务的一个组成部分得到照顾, 货主和承租人. Understanding and responding to the need to limit environmental impacts, 海运业, through the International Maritime Organization (IMO), has been working towards ensuring that the impacts of pollution are reduced. 1.运输的作用和方式 1.1.1全球供应链 Shipping is essential to the functioning of global supply chains, providing businesses with the ability to cost-effectively, efficiently and safely move large volumes of goods and materials as cargo worldwide. Global supply chains are networks for sourcing and supplying physical goods, and in a globalised economy these networks span continents. 供应链包括将产品交付给客户的一系列步骤, including moving and transforming raw materials into finished products, 运输这些产品, 然后分发给终端用户. 1.1.2全球船队 In 2021 the total world fleet amounted to 99,800 commercial ships of 100 gross tonnage (GT) and above, 相当于容量为2.130亿载重吨(dwt). 中国, 日本和希腊仍然是货运量最大的三个船东国家, 占全球吨位的41%. 图1.1按载重吨位的顺序列出了全球船队中船舶类型的分类. (图1.1 .船舶种类及其贸易] Source: UNCTAD calculations, based on data from Clarksons Research. 1.2设计与搭建 When a ship is built it has to comply with rules, 由船级社制定的技术标准和法规(见第2节).3.6:船级)和船旗国(见第2节).3.3:船旗国). 当法规生效时，既会影响现有船舶，也会影响新船舶. 从规划和建设, 在其整个交易周期中, 然后是回收飞船, the environmental impact of the ship is a constant consideration for all those involved. Once a shipowner decides they wish to build a ship, then classification societies (often referred to as class) ensure the designs, plans and construction are to an approved standard. 1.2.1 Ship operations during a ship’s lifetime (图1.[2]船舶的生命周期 大多数船只在亚洲建造，在印度次大陆或东南亚进行回收. Throughout a ship’s lifetime, they may trade worldwide. 船旗国和船级将继续检查船舶的整个生命周期，以确保其持续获得认证并符合相关法律, including ensuring it is environmentally compliant. Dry docking takes place approximately every five years, with some ship types being required to dry dock more frequently. 船舶将在干船坞进行检验. 港口国监督机构将检查来访船只，确保它们遵守国际法. 要了解更多信息，请参见第2节.3.4:港口国控制. |